Grammar NotesTopic 3 Lesson 5 My Town
１.イＡ- くて／ナＡ- で／ Ｎ で、 イＡ ／ナＡ ／・・・
Basic sentence
- この 店は 安くて、べんりです。
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Kono mise wa yasukute, benri desu.
This store is cheap and convenient.
- この あたりは にぎやかで、おもしろいです。
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Kono atari wa nigiyakade, omoshiroi desu.
This area is lively and interesting.
- この あたりは 新しい 町で、店が たくさん あります。
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Kono atari wa atarashii machi de, mise ga takusan arimasu.
This area is a new town and there are many shops.
Use
Used when talking about two or more characteristics of a place.
Structure
| Ｎ１ | は |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Example sentences
①
- この こうえんは ひろくて、 しずかです。
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Kono kooen wa hirokute, shizuka desu.
This park is spacious and quiet.
②
- この あたりは おしゃれで、 きれいです。
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Kono atari wa osharede, kiree desu.
This area is stylish and pretty.
③
- ここは 古い 町で、おてらが 多いです。
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Koko wa furui machi de, otera ga ooi desu.
This is an old town and there are many temples.
Commentary
- Ａ.You can connect two or more sentences with the form「イA-くて／ナA-で／Nで」.
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イＡ１-い
ナＡ１
Ｎです + イＡ２-い
ナＡ２です → イＡ１-くて
ナＡ１-で
ＮでイＡ２-い
ナＡ２です Ｓ Ｓ - Ｂ. Words with negative connotations cannot be connected to the ones with positive connotations.
To connect them, the form in Lesson 5-2, "イA-いけど／ナA-だけど／Ｎだけど・・・" is used.
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２．イＡ- いけど／ナＡ- だけど／ Ｎ だけど、イＡ ／ナＡ ／・・・
Basic sentence
- この ゆうえんちは たのしいけど、とおいです。
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Kono yuuenchi wa tanoshii kedo, tooi desu.
This amusement park is fun, but it's far.
- この 店は おしゃれだけど、ちょっと 高いです。
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Kono mise wa oshareda kedo, chotto takai desu.
This shop is stylish, but a little expensive.
- ここは ゆうえんちだけど、おとなも 多いです。
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Koko wa yuuenchida kedo, otona mo ooi desu.
This is an amusement park, but there are a lot of adults.
Use
Used when talking about two opposing characteristics of a place.
Structure
| Ｎ１ | は |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Example sentences
①
- この ゆうえんちは たのしいけど、 高いです。
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Kono yuuenchi wa tanoshii kedo, takai desu.
This amusement park is fun, but it's expensive.
②
- この あたりは にぎやかだけど、 ちょっとあぶないです。
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Kono atari wa nigiyakada kedo, chotto abunai desu.
This area is lively, but a little dangerous.
③
- ここは 新しい 町だけど、ちょっと ふべんです。
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Koko wa atarashii machida kedo, chotto fuben desu.
This is a new town, but it's a little inconvenient.
Commentary
- Ａ. 「イA-い／ナA-だ／Nだ けど」 can be used to connect words with positive connotations to words with negative connotations.
- Ｂ. Words with positive connotations can not be connected to other words with positive connotations, and words with negative connotations can not be connected to other words with negative connotations. To connect them, use the form in Lesson 5-1, "イA-くて／ナA-で／Ｎで・・・"
- Ｃ. "けど" is a word used in speech.
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３. Ｎ１やＮ２（など）
Basic sentence
- この あたりに ゆうえんちや こうえんが あります。
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Kono atari ni yuuenchi ya kooen ga arimasu.
There is an amusement park, a park, and more around here.
Use
Used when giving examples about something a place has.
Structure
| Ｎ１ | や | Ｎ２ | （など） |
|---|
Example sentences
①
- この あたりに スーパーや ぎんこうが あります。
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Kono atari ni suupaa ya ginkoo ga arimasu.
There is a supermarket, a bank, and more around here.
②
- Ａ：この あたりには 何が ありますか。
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A: Kono atari ni wa nani ga arimasu ka.
A: What is there around here?
- Ｂ：テレビや カメラなどの 店が あります。
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B: Terebi ya kamera nado no mise ga arimasu.
B: There is a shop selling televisions, cameras, and others.
Commentary
- Ａ. This sentence pattern can connect several nouns together.
- Ｂ.「や」 is used for showing a number of relevant items as examples, and implies that other relevant items exist.
- Ｃ.The nouns joined by 「や」 can be used as a single noun in the sentence.
- Ｄ.This sentence pattern can be used in the form 「N1やN2など」.（②）
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